Jundishapur Journal of Chronic Disease Care
Volume:9 Issue: 4, Oct 2020

Coronary artery bypass grafting is one of the common treatments for cardiac diseases, despite the numerous complications of CABG.

This study was carried out to investigate post-operative complications and symptoms in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft.

This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 170 patients who were referred to Farshchian heart Center in Hamadan in 2018. The data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and a standard checklist for the assessment of cardiac symptoms. All patients completed the demographic information questionnaire, and patients’ contact information was recorded. One month after the discharge, the cardiac symptom questionnaire was completed through the phone interview with the participants. Data were analyzed by the SPSS software version 21. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square, and regression were used for data analysis.

Of 170 patients, 130 cases were male, and 70% were under the age of 60 years old. The most common symptom after surgery was leg swelling (40.6%), and the least common complication was a fluttering chest (3.5%). There was a significant relationship between age and chest pain (P = 0.01), smoking and dyspnea (P = 0.032), troubles of sleeping (P = 0.044), and leg swelling (P = 0.035), depression and gender (P < 0.001), BMI and poor appetite (P = 0.042).

It is important to consider the symptoms and complications of CABG in these patients. Leg swelling, trouble of sleeping, and fatigue were common symptoms in these patients. It is suggested that appropriate training is provided to patients, particularly smoking cessation.

Urban air pollution was known to be one of the most important environmental problems due to its serious impact on human and environmental health. Among air pollutants, PM2.5 was the most common pollutant emitted by vehicles and dust and had negative consequences for human health, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

This study aimed to assess the change levels of PM2.5 pollutants and their effect on COPD outcomes in ten years (2008 - 2017) in Ahvaz.

Data were taken from the Ahvaz Department of Environment (ADoE). Data validation was performed using WHO criteria. The average time of PM2.5 was computed, and its health effects were obtained by entering its annual data and population at risk, baseline incidence (BI), and relative risk index for COPD outcomes in AirQ + software. The PM2.5 concentration average in total time changes in Ahvaz city was higher than the standard concentration set by WHO. The AQI index indicated that the city of Ahvaz did not have a good day in total during the ten-year time.

The result of time changes and AQI index indicated that 2010 was the most polluted year with 47 unhealthy days and 27 dangerous days. Also, with the enhancement in the PM2.5 annual concentrations, the mortality attributed to this pollution has increased as a consequence of the COPD outcome. The highest and lowest average cases COPD were 24 people in 2010 and 18 people in 2014, respectively.

According to the results of this study, the air quality of Ahvaz city was in an unfavorable condition in terms of PM2.5 pollutions and the authorities should take the necessary measures to control and reduce pollution in the metropolis of Ahvaz for PM2.5 and reduce the mortality for the COPD health outcome.

Rhinosinusitis is a nasal and paranasal sinus infection. Chronic infection and allergies are two major causes of nasal polyp formation.

In this study, we examined the relationship between NO and aeroallergens to determine the relationship between exhaled nitric oxide level and sensitivity to aeroallergens in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) patients referring to Hazrat Rasool Hospital in Tehran from December 2016 to May 2017.

A cross-sectional study was conducted on 72 patients. The prick test and exhaled NO measurements were done to determine allergens in CRSwNP patients. Statistical analysis was done to determine the relationship between the allergy and sensitivity to indoor aeroallergens in patients with CRSwNP.

The correlation coefficient of. 0.014 and 0.001 were evaluated for Mosquito and Cockroach respectfully, which were significantly correlated with nitric oxide. The less correlation with nitric oxide was 0.003, which was evaluated for MUCOR.

This study showed that most people with CRSwNP had a sensitivity to at least one indoor aeroallergen, and cockroaches were the most common allergen in patients with CRSwNP with a 17.9% prevalence. This study showed that the correlation of FeNO with the sensitivity of these patients to home aeroallergens can be used, and this correlation for mosquito and cockroach aeroallergens is very valuable. The NO level and prick testing of aeroallergens can be used to estimate the relapse or lack of appropriate response to medical treatment in patients with CRSwNP.

Death anxiety and its consequence are among the most important mental health issues that should be considered in hypertension patients. Some studies reported that cognitive emotion regulation strategies, cognitive flexibility, and distress tolerance, both influence and predict mental health.

This study aimed to investigate the role of these variables on death anxiety among women with hypertension.

This is a descriptive correlational study that was conducted on 150 women with hypertension who were referred to hospitals in Rasht in 2018. Participants were selected using the convenience sampling method. Death Anxiety scale (DAS), the Distress Tolerance scale (DTS), the cognitive flexibility inventory (CFI), and the short version of the Cognitive Emotion Regulation questionnaire (CERQ) were used to collect the data. Data were analyzed using both descriptive (means and standard deviations) and inferential (the Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression analysis) analyzes using SPSS.

Overall cognitive emotion regulation strategies (r = -0.20), refocus on planning (r = -0.28), acceptance (r = -0.35), positive reappraisal (r = -0.20), and putting into perspective (r = -0.42) had diverse significant relationships with death anxiety. In contrast, catastrophizing (r = 0.19), rumination (r = 0.19), and self-blame (r = 0.16) had direct significant correlations. Besides, overall cognitive flexibility (r = 0.61), controllability (r = -0.21), alternatives (r = -0.44), behavioral justification (r = -0.23), overall distress tolerance (r = -0.21), tolerance (r = -0.18), appraisal (r = -0.15), and regulation (r = -0.17) had diverse significant correlations with death anxiety; however, absorption (r = 0.52) had a direct significant relationship with death (P ≤ 0.05). The results of the stepwise regression analysis indicated that the research variables were could explain 71% of the variance in death anxiety (R2 = 0.71), and overall cognitive flexibility had the strongest role in explaining death anxiety (beta = -0.67), which was significant at the 1% level (P ≤ 0.0001).

Based on the findings, cognitive emotion regulation strategies, cognitive flexibility, and distress tolerance were associated with death anxiety, and cognitive flexibility had the strongest role in predicting death anxiety

One of the common treatments for cancer is chemotherapy that is usually done by intravenous injection. Central catheters and portholes are used for the intravenous administration of chemotherapy drugs through peripheral vessels.

This study aimed to compare the caring outcomes of the two methods of drug injection through the peripheral vessels and ports in patients undergoing chemotherapy.

In this descriptive study, 68 cancer patients admitted to the Hematology and Oncology Wards of Shahid Baghaei Hospital 2 in Ahwaz during three months were evaluated in two groups of 34 patients receiving chemotherapy (one group via ports and one group via peripheral blood vessels). Data were collected by a questionnaire consisting of two parts: demographic information (sex, age, and type of disease) and information about the patient’s condition (drug injection method, serum, and catheter number), and an observational checklist including inflammation rate, drug extravasation, limitation of patientmovement,medical expenses, and patient satisfaction. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 24 software.

According to the results of the study, the two groups were compared in terms of inflammation (P = 0.0001, T = 4.908), drug extravasation (P = 0.0001, T = 3.872), movement limitation P = 0.000, T = 4.922) the cost of treatment (P = 0.0001, χ 2 = 56.973, P = 0.000, and patient satisfaction (P = 0.0001, T = -23.66).

Performing chemotherapy through the port has fewer side effects and brings more comfort to the patients.

Concerning the poor clinical outcomes in cases of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with bifurcation lesions undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), we described a successful application of modified flower petal technique and called it the REVERSE modified flower petal technique in a patient with AMI.

A 56-years-old man who suffered from chest pain was admitted to the emergency ward. After clinical examination, the primary diagnosis was acute anterolateral MI. Therefore, PCI on left anterior dimension (LAD) and diagonal arteries using modified flower petal stenting was performed in the side branch, which we called it REVERSE modified flower petal.

Modified flower petal stenting was performed by the REVERSE mechanism as described in the report of the new intervention (2.5 × 18). The follow-up after 24 months by the exercise stress test using the Bruce protocol supported the success of the intervention.

Despite significant improvements in diagnosis and treatment, non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI) is still one of the health problems in developed and developing countries.

The present study was performed to assess the electrocardiographic changes and coronary findings in patients with NSTEMI.

The study enrolled 158 patients with NSTEMI diagnosis at the discharge time. Demographic characteristics and electrocardiographic changes were collected using a checklist from the medical records of the patients. The angiography data were used to calculate a syntax score for each patient. Finally, patients were divided into three groups based on this score: high risk >32, intermediate risk 22-32, and low risk < 22. Involved vessels, including the left anterior descending artery, Right Coronary Artery (RCA), Left Circumflex Artery (LCX), and the left main stem, were also determined.

The mean age of the patients was 60.68 ± 12.15 years. The LAD, LCX, and RCA were the most common involved vessels, in sequence. About 27.73, 67.15, and 5.12% of the patients were assigned to low, moderate, and high-risk groups, respectively. Statistically significant differences were observed in the frequencies of ECG changes (P = 0.003) and types of involved vessels (P < 0.001) between low, moderate, and high-risk patients. In addition, there were statistically significant differences in the mean syntax scores between different types of involved vessels (P < 0.001).

The findings of the present study showed a significant relationship between the types of vessel involvement and syntax score. Also, there was a high prevalence of ST changes in precordial leads that may improve the sensitivity of diagnosis. We did not find any significant relationship between the frequencies of ECG changes based on the types of involved vessels.